1521: Martin Luther confronts the emperor Charles V, refusing to retract the views which led to his excommunication.
1676: Sudbury, Massachusetts is attacked by Indians.
1775: American revolutionaries Paul Revere and William Dawes ride though the towns of Massachusetts warning that "the British are coming."
1791: National Guardsmen prevent Louis XVI and his family from leaving Paris.
1818: A regiment of Indians and blacks is defeated at the Battle of Suwanna, in Florida, ending the first Seminole War.
1834: William Lamb becomes prime minister of England.
1838: The Wilkes’ expedition to the South Pole sets sail.
1847: U.S. forces defeat Mexicans at Cerro Gordo in one of the bloodiest battle of the war.
1853: The first train in Asia begins running from Bombay to Tanna.
1861: Colonel Robert E. Lee turns down an offer to command the Union armies.
1885: The Sino-Japanese war ends.
1906: A massive earthquake hits San Francisco, measuring 8.25 on the Richter scale.
1923: Yankee Stadium opens with Babe Ruth hitting a three-run homer as the Yankees beat the Red Sox 4-1.
1937: Leon Trotsky calls for the overthrow of Soviet leader Josef Stalin.
1942: James H. Doolittle bombs Tokyo and other Japanese cities.
1943: Traveling in a bomber, Japanese Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto, the mastermind of the attack on Pearl Harbor, is shot down by American P-38 fighters.
1946: The League of Nations dissolves.
1949: The Republic of Ireland withdraws from British Commonwealth.
1950: The first transatlantic jet passenger trip is completed.
1954: Colonel Nasser seizes power in Egypt.
1978: The U.S. Senate approves the transfer of the Panama Canal to Panama.
1980: Zimbabwe’s (Rhodesia) formal independence from Britain is proclaimed.
1983: A suicide bomber kills U.S. Marines at the U.S. Embassy in Lebanon.
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